Politics And Progress The Emergence Of American...

Politics and Progress: The Emergence of American Political Science by Dennis Mahoney is an account of the origins of contemporary political science in the Progressive Movement. In the book, Mahoney, attempts to show how American political science came to be due to the influence of three different factors. The first factor is German Historicism and its allgemeine Staatslehre, or general State theory. The second factor is philosophical pragmatism and the final factor is political Progressivism. Mahoney also writes about how the new American political science has turned away from political philosophy and the laws of nature described by the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. In the conclusion of the book, Mahoney points out a flaw of the modern political science by stating, â€Å" Nothing in political science as it was taught and practiced in America provided or recognized a standard against which these acts (totalitarianism) of national self-determination and these expr essions of the state will in their respective societies could be tried and found wanting.† In short, Mahoney is saying that the core concepts that helped shape American political science, can not prove that dictatorship governments are not healthy governments. The first factor that helped is German Historicism. Mahoney lays the foundation of German political science and states that not only did it influence American political ideas but was a model and even a starting point. German science ofShow MoreRelatedIs The Discrimination Against Women? Politics A Myth Or Is It Reality?1608 Words   |  7 PagesIs the discrimination against women in politics a myth or is it reality? The US prides itself on democracy. Democracy means that all citizens from all races, classes, and sexes should be represented. Even though women have made great progress since they were granted suffrage n 1920, they are still underrepresented in government. Women’s political participation since the su ffrage was basically just voting and being able to participate in secondary party organizations. Women still face several obstaclesRead MoreThe Transition Of Medieval Western Civilization970 Words   |  4 Pagesposition of global, political, and technological dominance and most importantly gave rise to the core of western thought: humanism and individualism. This hallmark thought however, would be nonexistent without the arts. The arts and artists of the Renaissance period and the Enlightenment reflect the prevailing values of not only Western Europe but in fact the Western world as a whole. Prior to the Renaissance, Europe was lost in the Middle Ages, situating itself in a rut; no progress was made and thisRead MoreImmanuel KantsWhat Is Enlightenment?964 Words   |  4 PagesAn essay written by philosopher Immanuel Kant answers the question, â€Å"What is Enlightenment?† Through his own observations and he concluded â€Å"Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-incurred immaturity†¦ the inability to use one own understanding without the guidance of another (Kant).† Kant also recognized that he lives in an enlightened age however not in the age of enlightenment. The same can also provoke thoughts about the current state of the world now. In Kant’s eyes, although he providedRead MoreClimate Change Should Be A Priority For All The Government1531 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes to the topic of Climate change, most of us will agree that the Republicans need to concentrate on climate change and give it top most priority since climate change is indeed one of the leading concerns in world economics and politics today. Whereas most Republicans are convinced that the issue of climate change should be a priority for all the government in the USA, there are still a few Republican presidential candidates that maintain that the issue of climate change requires internationalRead MoreT. S. Eliot The Waste Land Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagesreconfiguration remained a consistent and unifying element throughout Progressive thought, the target of legislation would become an object of dispute between differing political philosophies such as The New Nationalism (NN) of President Theodore Roosevelt and The New Freedom (NF) of President Woodrow Wilson. According to The New Nationalism, the emergence of new technological forms of in the world would require an updating of workers submitted to these forms in the workplace. Managerialism and Taylorism illustrateRead MoreThe Black Of Black Ideology1434 Words   |  6 PagesBlack Ideology Black people have continuously fought for freedom and their god-given rights for over 4 centuries. Throughout a neverending struggle, key ideologies arose and have dominated public imagination and activism politics to this day. In this piece, I will explore and explain those ideologies, their respective leaders, and the effect they have had on race relations and history as a whole. Nationalism The oldest of black ideology, autonomic mindset has been the default go-to when dealingRead MoreEmergence of the Modern World1842 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿The Emergence of Modern World The 16th century was a period of extraordinary transformation of the world. It marks the very beginning of the modern era of knowledge, skill, art and science. It was the time of grand investigation and discoveries, religious and political havocs, and astonishing literature. Europes overland trade routes to the East had been blocked by 14th century due to the disintegration of the Mongol empire and the expansion of the Ottoman Empire. Thus began the Age of DiscoveryRead MoreNative American Self Determination Movement1441 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing on from this last point the Native American self-determination movement has achieved almost all of its victories without outside help. Indeed many organisations such as the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI), Native American Rights Fund (NARF) and National Alaska Native American Indian Nurses Association (NANAINA) are run by and for Native Americans and their interests. As with most civil rights movements but even more the case as Native Americans have their own sovereign citizenshipRead MoreAvatar, By James Cameron1710 Words   |  7 PagesJames Cameron’s film, AVATAR, is set under an imperialistic narrative of invasion for commercial gain, complete with the side story of â€Å"ethnogr aphic exploration† in the name of science, on the planet of Pandora. The year is 2154, but the story is an old and familiar one - the Western colonization of non-Western peoples and the exploitation of their natural resources, such as land, oil, gold, or labor. While it is impossible to deny the impact and visual experience of the film and its commercial achievementsRead MoreComparative Politics Is An Essential Field Within Political Science1477 Words   |  6 PagesComparative politics is an essential field within political science, as it is always present and always prevalent. One of the most alluring elements of comparative politics is the stark contrast one can observe between two or more nations in terms of their sociopolitical climate. Every nation has distinct political intricacies, and one particularly controversial issue that is gaining interest globally is political corruption. Corruption can manifest itself in a myriad of ways in a nation’s government

Racism America s Original Sin - 1850 Words

Racism in America Racism has always been a part of the American history, and it still is to this day. Some of America’s forefathers, such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and many more, kept people of color as slaves for labor. The icons of American history were in fact, all white. They portrayed the view of white people being more dominant than people of color through the works of slavery. Although people in the 21st century do not hold slaves for labor, the racial prejudice has only increased. For instance, in an article entitled â€Å"The Trauma of Racism: America’s Original Sin,† the author, Kenneth T. Ponds, suggests that â€Å"However I believe something else is in play and that is a lack of understanding†¦ views equating whiteness with being fully human and truly American.† (22) The solution to this racial diversity is for Americans to accept the sameness of the human family. With this addition, Americans will be able to transform lives an d human relationships between people of different races. Nevertheless, it is argued that Americans are racists because it is a part of human nature. It has become so natural that people do not realize that they are being racist. For example, in an article entitled â€Å"Racism: Less is More,† author David Goodhart states: â€Å"It is also true that most of us operate most of the time with a shifting mindset of stereotypes and prejudices about people who belong to groups--class, national, or racial--with which we are not familiarShow MoreRelatedRacism: The Root Of All Evil1022 Words   |  5 Pagesby the sting of racism, which may lead and is directly related to immigration, violence, social tension. Racism as defined by the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as a belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. Sadly, this definition becomes flesh every day, and has existed since long time ago. Racism has been titled by the authors Hulteen Wallis as â€Å"America’s Original Sin†. It is exhibitedRead MoreBarack Obama s A More Perfect Union1460 Words   |  6 Pagesbeliefs concerning racism. Obama is the son of a white woman and a Kenyan man, and just because of his race people are either with or against him. He begins his speech by talking about the founding fathers and the Declaration of Independence by saying that ‘all men are created equal’. His former pastor, Reverend Jeremiah Wright brought up some of his observations about racism which caused some unease. He continues his speech by saying that the solution to ending this unease of racism is to com e togetherRead MoreIs God Racist? Essays1019 Words   |  5 Pagesreligion in this country. The churches of America have become racially divided, creating inequalities amongst our populace. Racial divisions run deep, and there is an undeniable relationship between religion and racism. Since the inception of this country, we have been racially divided. These divisions continued throughout the 20th century, and continue to this very day. These divisions often include, but are not limited to social and political values. Racism in Americas religious institutions canRead MoreA More Perfect Union : The American Dream Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesOn eighteen century America, the founding fathers classified the American Dream as an idea that everyone living in the United Stated had the chance to achieve the Jeffersonian idea of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. At the time the American Dream was supposedly possible to anyone who had the willingness to work hard and honestly. To the founding father s anyone who would stand by this saying would either achieve success or be emulated for their efforts, even those who did not achieveRead MoreReparations For Slavery During The Civil War1712 Words   |  7 Pagesfunction in society. To this day in age descendents of slaves continue to suffer from the drawback slavery put on their families. Successful businesses who profited off of slavery should pay reparations to families whose ancestors were enslaved by original owners. Slavery impaired and oppressed African Americans and continue to do so in this day and age. The fact that no form of reparations were given to freed slaves affected all african americans then and for generations later. Freed slaves hadRead MoreRacism Is America Truly A Place Of Equality?2459 Words   |  10 PagesAddressing Racism Openly Many people say that racism is a thing of the past, but is it really? Is our society racism free? Is America truly a place of equality? Are all races treated equally? I believe that the answer to these questions is â€Å"NO†, because racism is still a prominent issue of today’s society. Yes, we progressed greatly from the past but we still have a long way to go. In order for us to continue working towards equality for all and the end of racism, we must be aware that racism is stillRead MoreReligion Vs. Society During The 1700s1350 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity. It has resulted in America being created on a religious foundation. Yet, this apparent fact was one that ultimately stalled America as a society. Today in the twenty-first century, people have taken religion and the Bible and corrupted it. Large amounts of people have taken the Bible and religion and are using it for their selfish goals of spreading propaganda. Many social issues that are present today, suc h as the treatment of the LGBT community, abortion, racism, feminism, gender roles, andRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Letter From Birmingham Jail1052 Words   |  5 PagesHow serious the racial discrimination is? A Rhetorical Analysis of Letter From Birmingham Jail It is known to all that Martin Luther King is a famous person in America, who strongly goes against the racial discrimination all the time. Here, in this letter, Letter from Birmingham Jail, it is easy for us to realize that racial discrimination appears and the non-violence action is still serious at that time. As a matter of fact, this letter is coming from the people in the Birmingham jail, stating theirRead MoreA Survey Of Jazz : Louis Armstrong1056 Words   |  5 Pageshome s band (Colored Waifs Home), and in his teenage years he learned music by paying close attention to the popular jazz artist of the day, New Orleans corniest, King Oliver (he also acted as his mentor). Moreover, he evolved expeditiously, and went on to play the trumpet. He performed with a number of different musical ensembles, and started to remodel the jazz world in the 1920 s. Armstrong went on to play with Fletch Henderson, and combined his New Orleans technique with Henderson s BroadwayRead MoreRace and Religion in American Culture Essay1790 Words   |  8 Pagesrace and religion can be a powerful societal force, if it wants to be. The Nation of Islam is a small but growing religion in America that has become somewhat of a social movement because of its strong and radical ideas on race. In this paper, I will try to explore the beliefs of the Nation of Islam, and the ramifications it could and has had on racial relations in America. The Nation of Islam, or NOI, is a relatively new religion. The first temple of Islam was established in Detroit by Master Fard

The Forbidden Game The Chase Chapter 2 Free Essays

She looked in on Tom’s business law class first, but he wasn’t there. She headed downstairs. Then she began to forge her way across campus, weaving around fellow students who were staking out their favorite benches. We will write a custom essay sample on The Forbidden Game: The Chase Chapter 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She could hear paper bags rustling and smell other peoples’ lunches. Jenny’s group hadn’t been eating together these last two weeks-it caused too much talk. But today they had no choice. Audrey next, Jenny thought. She passed the amphitheater with its blistered wooden benches and looked into one of the home ec rooms. Audrey was taking interior decorating, and-of course-acing it. Jenny just stood in the doorway until Audrey, who was lingering with the teacher, looked up and caught her eye. Audrey shut her folder, dropped it in her backpack, and came. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"We’ve got to get everybody,† Jenny said. â€Å"Do you have your lunch?† â€Å"Yes.† Audrey didn’t ask why they had to get everybody. She just shook spiky copper bangs out of her eyes with an expert toss of her head and pressed her cherry-glossed lips together. They cut across the center of campus toward the girls’ gym. The sun shone on Jenny’s head, sending a little trickle of dampness down the back of her neck. Too hot for May, even in California. So why did she feel so cold inside? She and Audrey peered into the girls’ locker room. Dee wasn’t even dressed yet, snapping towels and snickering with a couple of girls on the swim team. She was naked and completely unself-conscious, beautiful and lithe and supple as a jet-black panther. When she saw Jenny and Audrey looking at her significantly, she hiked an eyebrow at them, then nodded. She reached for a garnet-colored T-shirt and joined them a minute later. They found Zach in the art block, standing alone outside the photography lab. That wasn’t surprising -Zach was usually alone. What surprised Jenny was that he wasn’t inside the lab, working. Zach’s thin, intense face had always been pale, but these days it looked almost chalky, and in the last few weeks he’d taken to wearing black cotton twills and shirts. He’s changed, Jenny thought. Well, no wonder. What they’d been through would have changed anyone. He saw Jenny, who tilted her head in the general direction of the staff parking lot. The usual place. He gave a brief jerk of his head that meant agreement. He’d meet them there. They found Michael near the English block, picking up scattered papers and books from the concrete floor. â€Å"Jerks, porkers, bozos, Neanderthals,† he was muttering. â€Å"Who did it?† Jenny asked as Audrey checked Michael for bruises. â€Å"Carl Vertman and Steve Matsushima.† Michael’s round face was flushed and his dark hair even more rumpled than usual. â€Å"It would help if you kissed it here, â€Å"he said to Audrey, pointing to the corner of his mouth. Dee did a swift, flowing punch-and-kick to the air that looked like dancing. â€Å"I’ll take care of them,† she said, flashing her most barbaric smile. â€Å"Come on, we’ve got to talk,† Jenny said. â€Å"Has anybody seen Tom?† â€Å"I think he cut this morning,† Audrey said. â€Å"He wasn’t in history or English.† Wonderful, Jenny thought as Michael got his lunch. Zachary was wearing Morbid Black, Michael was getting stomped, and Tom, the super-student, was cutting whole mornings-just when she needed him most. They sat down by the parking lot on what was commonly known at Vista Grande High as the grassy knoll. Zach arrived and dropped first his lunch sack, then himself to the ground, folding his long, thin legs in one easy motion. â€Å"What’s happening?† Dee said. Jenny took a deep breath. â€Å"There’s this girl,† she said, and she did her best to describe the Crying Girl. â€Å"Probably a ninth grader,† she said. â€Å"Do any of you guys know her?† They all shook their heads. â€Å"Because she said we killed Summer and hid her body, and that she knew that P.C. didn’t do it. She sounded like somebody who really did know, and not just because she has faith in him or something.† Dee’s sloe-black eyes were narrowed. â€Å"You think-â€Å" â€Å"I think maybe she saw him that morning. And that means-â€Å" â€Å"Maybe she knows where the paper house is,† Michael said, looking more alarmed than excited. â€Å"If she does, we have to find her,† Jenny said. Michael groaned. Jenny didn’t blame him. Everything about their situation was awful. The way people looked at them now, the questions in people’s eyes-and the danger. The danger that no one but their group knew about. A lot of it was Jenny’s fault. It had been her own brilliant idea. Let’s tell the police the truth†¦. There were two policewomen. One was Hawaiian or Polynesian and model-beautiful. The other was a stocky motherly person. They both examined the pile of fragments around the sliding glass door. â€Å"But that doesn’t have anything to do with Summer,† Jenny said, and then she and Tom and Michael and Audrey explained it all again. No, it hadn’t been a UFO. Well, it had been sort of like a UFO-Julian was alien, all right, but he hadn’t broken the door. He had come out of a game-or at least he had sucked them into a game. Or at least-All right. From the beginning again. Jenny had bought the game on Montevideo Avenue, in a store called More Games. Okay? She’d bought it and brought it home and they had all opened it. Yes, they’d all been here, the six of them, plus Summer. It had been a party for Tom’s seventeenth birthday. Inside had been this cardboard house. This model. They had put it together, a Victorian house, three stories and a turret. Blue. Then they’d put these paper dolls inside that they’d colored to look like themselves. Yeah, right, they were a little old to be playing with paper dolls. But it wasn’t just a dollhouse. It was a game. The game was to draw your worst nightmare and put it in a room of the house, and then, starting at the bottom, work your way up to the top. Going through each different person’s nightmare as you went. It had seemed like a good game. Only then it turned real. Yes, real. Real. How many different ways were there to say real? Real! They had all sort of passed out, and when they woke up, they were in the house. Inside it. It wasn’t cardboard anymore. It was solid, like an ordinary house. Then Julian had showed up. Who was Julian? What was Julian, that was the question. If you thought of him as a demon prince, you wouldn’t be too far off. He called himself the Shadow Man. The Shadow Man. Like the Sandman, only he brings nightmares. Look, the point was that Julian had killed Summer. He made her face her worst nightmare, which was a messy room. Piles of garbage and giant cockroaches. Yes, it did sound funny, but it wasn’t†¦. No, none of them had read Kafka. Look, it wasn’t funny because it had killed Summer. She’d been buried in a garbage dump from hell, under piles of filth and rotting stuff. They’d heard her screaming and screaming, and then finally the screaming had stopped. The body? For God’s sake, where else would the body be? It was there, buried in rubbish, in the paper house, in the Shadow World. No! The sliding glass door did not have anything to do with it. That had happened after they escaped from the Shadow World. Jenny had tricked Julian and locked him behind a door with a rune of constraint on it. When they got back to the real world, Jenny had put the paper house back in the game box, and then they’d called the police. Yes, that was the call made at 6:34 this morning. While they were on the phone, they’d heard glass breaking and come out to see two guys taking the box over the back fence. Why would anybody want to steal the box? Well, these guys had been following Jenny when she bought the Game. And seeing the Game-it did something to you. Once you saw that glossy white box, you wanted it, no matter what. The guys had probably followed Jenny home just to get the box. NO, SUMMER DIDN’T GO THAT WAY, TOO! SUMMER WASN’T THERE! SUMMER WAS ALREADY DEAD BY THEN! It was only after telling it that Jenny saw how crazy the story sounded. At first the police wouldn’t believe that Summer was really missing, no matter how many times Tom demanded a lie detector test. The police finally began to believe when they called Summer’s parents and found that nobody had seen her since last night. By then Jenny and the others were sitting in the detective bureau around a large table with detectives’ desks all around them. By then Jenny had picked out pictures of the two guys who’d stolen the game. P.C. Serrani and Scott Martell, better known as Slug, a name he’d chosen himself. They both had records for shoplifting and joyriding. P.C. was the one who’d been wearing the bandanna and black leather vest, Slug the one in the flannels with the bad complexion. And it turned out that they were both missing, too. The worst part was when Summer’s parents came down to the station to ask Jenny where Summer really was. They didn’t understand why Jenny, who had known Summer since fourth grade, wouldn’t tell them the truth now. The kids finally were given a drug-screening test because Summer’s father insisted their story sounded exactly like things he’d seen in the sixties. Like a very, very bad trip. Mrs. Parker-Pearson kept saying, â€Å"Whatever Summer’s done, it doesn’t matter. Just tell us where she is.† It was horrible. Aba was the one who finally stopped it. Just at the point when the fuss got the biggest and noisiest, she appeared. She was wearing a brilliant orange garment that was more like a robe than a dress, and an orange headcloth like a turban. She was Dee’s grandmother, but she looked like visiting royalty. She asked the police to leave her alone with the children. Then Jenny, shaking all over, told the story again. From the beginning. When it was over, she looked at each of them. At Tom, the champion athlete, sitting with his normally neat dark hair wildly tousled. At Audrey, the ever-chic, with her mascara rubbed off from sobbing. At Zach, the unshakable photographer, whose gray eyes were glassy with shock. At Michael, with his rumpled head in his arms. At Dee, the only one of them still sitting up straight, proud and tense and furious, her hair glistening like mica with sweat. At Jenny, who had looked back at her with a mute plea for understanding. Then Aba looked down at her own interlaced fingers, sculptor’s fingers, long and beautiful even if they were knotted with age. â€Å"I’ve told you a lot of stories,† she said to Jenny, â€Å"but there’s a famous one I don’t think you’ve heard. It’s a Hausa story. My ancestors were those-who-speak-Hausa, you know, and my mother told me this when I was just a little girl.† Michael slowly lifted his head from the table. â€Å"Once there was a hunter who went out into the bush, and he found a skull lying on the ground. He said, although he was really speaking to himself, ‘Why, how did you get here?’ â€Å"To his astonishment, the skull answered, ‘I got here through talking, my friend.'† Tom leaned forward, listening. Audrey stared. She didn’t know Aba as well as the rest of them. Aba went right on. â€Å"The hunter was very excited. He ran back to his village and told everyone that he had seen a talking skull. When the chief of the village heard, he asked the hunter to take him to the marvelous skull. â€Å"So the hunter took the chief to the skull. ‘Talk,’ he said, but the skull just lay there. The chief was so angry at being tricked that he cut off the hunter’s head and left it lying on the ground. â€Å"Once the chief was gone, the skull said to the severed head beside it, ‘Why, how did you get here?’ And the head replied, ‘I got here through talking, my friend!'† In the long silence afterward, Jenny could hear distant telephones ringing and voices outside the room. â€Å"You mean,† Michael said finally, â€Å"that we’ve been talking too much?† â€Å"I mean that you don’t need to tell everything you know to everyone. There is a time to be silent. Also, you don’t have to insist that your view is the only one, even if you honestly believe it. That hunter might have lived if he’d said, ‘I think a skull talked to me, but I may have dreamed it.'† â€Å"But we didn’t dream it,† Jenny whispered. What Aba said then made all the difference. It made everything easier somehow. â€Å"I believe you,† she said quietly and laid a gentle, knotted hand on Jenny’s. When the police came back, everyone was calm. Jenny’s group now admitted that while they thought they were telling the truth, it could have been some sort of dream or hallucination. The police now theorized that something really had happened to Summer, something so awful that the kids just couldn’t accept what they’d seen, and so had made up a hysterical story to cover the memory. Teenagers were especially prone to mass hallucination, Inspector Somebody explained to Aba. If they could pass a lie detector test, proving they hadn’t done anything to Summer †¦ They passed. Then the police released them into the custody of their parents, and Jenny went home and slept for sixteen hours straight. When she woke up, it was Sunday and Summer was still missing. So were Slug and P.C. That was how the Center got started. The new idea was that Slug and P.C. had made off with Summer, or that someone else had made off with all three. The local shopping mall donated space for a search center. Hundreds of volunteers went out looking in stormpipes and ditches and Dumpsters. There was nothing Jenny could do to stop any of it. Every day the volunteers did more, the search got bigger. She felt awful. But then she realized something. Summer’s body wasn’t in a Dumpster-but the paper house might be. It wouldn’t do any good searching for Summer, but it might do some good to search for Slug and P.C. â€Å"Because,† she pointed out bleakly to Dee and the others, â€Å"they got into the paper house, all right. And that means they might get up to the third floor. And that means they might open a certain door and let Julian out. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  After that they went out every day with the other volunteers, looking for a clue to where Slug Martell and P.C. Serrani might have taken the Game. It was a race against time, Jenny thought. To get to the house before Slug and P.C. got to Julian. Because after what she had done to Julian, tricking him and locking him behind that door, and after what she had promised him-telling him she’d stay with him forever-and then running away †¦ If he ever got out, he would find her. He’d hunt her down. And he’d take his revenge. On the grassy knoll Michael was still groaning at the thought of finding the Crying Girl. â€Å"She probably doesn’t know anything,† Zach said, his eyes gray as winter clouds. â€Å"She probably just wonders if maybe we did it. Deep down, I think everybody wonders.† Jenny looked around at the group: Dee sprawled lazily on the grass, dark limbs gleaming; Audrey perched on a folder to save her white tuxedo pant-suit; Michael with his teddy-bear body and sarcastic spaniel eyes; and Zach sitting like some kind of Tibetan monk with a ponytail. They didn’t look like murderers. But what Zach was saying was true, and it was just like him to say it. â€Å"We’ve got to go postering today anyway,† Audrey said. â€Å"We might as well look for this girl while we’re at it.† â€Å"It’s not going to make any difference,† Zach said flatly. How to cite The Forbidden Game: The Chase Chapter 2, Essay examples

Womens Rights Through History free essay sample

First, a strong example of women’s roles in the late 1800’s is represented in the document â€Å"The Husband Commandments† by H. De Marsan. It gives a fairly accurate portrayal of how men looked down upon women and how they had a very strict lifestyle given by their husbands in order to be the ideal wife that their husband wished for them to be. For example, it states that women should â€Å"Honour Thy Husband and Obey Him†. Women’s roles in this time period were very strict and the wives had no room for error. However, an example from the late 1800’s on what women’s roles used to be would be from â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. Which is about effect of confinement on the narrators mental health, and her descent into psychosis, and with nothing to stimulate her, she becomes obsessed by the pattern and color of the wallpaper. It shows that women and men did not have equal parts in relationships. We will write a custom essay sample on Womens Rights Through History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The story illustrates the male dominated society and relationship and how it was customary for men to assume that their gender knew what, when, how, and why to do things. For example when the narrator says, â€Å"If a physician of high standing, and ones own husband, assures friends and relatives that there is really nothing the matter with one but temporary nervous depressiona slight hysterical tendency what is one to do? † (Gilman) Throughout the beginning of the story, the narrator tends to buy into the idea that the man is always right and makes excuses for her feelings and his actions and words. Honesty is one of the most important characteristics a relationship should have. In this case, the narrator feels that she can not tell him how she feels so as not to upset him and make him mad. When the woman does attempt to have a discussion with John, she ends up crying and not being able to express herself. John treats her like a child as men believed that crying is something that women do and is something that shows weakness. The narrator eventually goes against common culture in that era and goes insane. Men thought the feminist movement was weak and useless, while comparatively, men like John thought their wives were weak and useless outside the home. This example shows how lowly men thought of their wives and how many wives were often treated like children. Next, an example of a short story that depicts women in the mid 1900’s was The Life You Save May Be Your Own by Flannery O’Connor. In this story the image of women being pure and innocent is emphasized greatly. O’Connor gives the image that the perfect woman is pure and divine and has very high expectations. There is a lot of religious symbolism in this story making the holiness of women in the mid 1900’s much higher. Also, occurring in the 1950’s is the poem by Anne Sexton, Self in 1958. This poem depicts women’s roles as the perfect ‘plastic doll’ expectation. Sexton makes the role of women seem to have to be a perfect role no matter what. It displays the way many relationships tended to be in the 1950’s. Her relationship with her spouse is one of pretension and not genuine love. She is imprisoned in ‘solid’ by their noise. The word ‘solid’ denotes lack of flexibility in their relationship and in the woman‘s life. The ‘noise’ referring to the loud commands from her husband not giving her freedom at all. The woman is living a life that is small and has limited possibilities. Additionally, Raising A Son With Men on the Fringes by Robyn Marks, Is a portrayal of how the average woman is supposed to raise her children and be expected to maintain the expected behavior that women have. It also shows how women’s roles have changed and that men can be on the ‘fringes’ and get away with it. However if the woman in this story wanted to act like the man, it would have been looked down upon and since she was a black woman she was facing many more struggles then a white single mother would. This reveals how women can’t back out of their responsibilities and have more pressure. On the other hand, in the modern day, women‘s roles are very superficial and based on the perfect image. An example of this is based on â€Å"Seventeen† magazine’s January 2009 issue, it displays the perfect figure by a picture of Beyonce. It has big labels saying ‘Pretty Looks for You’ and ‘Get Your Best Body’. This shows that today in the modern day women are just basically expected to have the perfect body and looks. Another example would be in the magazine â€Å"Mother Baby,† there is always a picture of the mother and baby and very rarely the father is mentioned in these magazines. This portrays the image that women are supposed to be the primary caretaker of children even if they are working. In conclusion, women’s power, roles and societal expectations have changed since the 1880’s in some ways but are incredibly same in others. In comparison to the 1880’s women are still given a ‘perfect’ image in media and by others and have high expectations in society to live up to them. Also, their roles as caretaker are still highly enforced and are expected to be the mother and go through the struggles as the mother mostly by herself and the father does not have a caretaker expectation. The thing that has changed is the power women have now compared to then. Women have more power to be a single mother when the man they are with is not a loving man. However, this is a huge deal of work and responsibility for women. Women have the capability that they didn’t have in the 1880’s to stand up for themselves, work and be individualists. Therefore in conclusion, women still have the same roles and similar societal expectations but their power in society has changed drastically. Matlis